The individual may speak in long sentences that have no meaning, add unnecessary words, and even create new words. Damage to this area causes Wernicke's aphasia. Wernicke's area: lies in the left temporal lobe (Fig 3). forming letters and words, doesn't write within lines) вЂ“ called Broca's aphasia. The person can still read and understand spoken language but has difficulty in speaking and writing (i.e. If this area is damaged, one may have difficulty moving the tongue or facial muscles to produce the sounds of speech. The type of aphasia depends on the brain area damaged.Д«rocaвЂ™s area: lies in the left frontal lobe (Fig 3). Left-handed people may need special testing to determine if their speech center is on the left or right side prior to any surgery in that area.ДЄphasia is a disturbance of language affecting speech production, comprehension, reading or writing, due to brain injury вЂ“ most commonly from stroke or trauma. In about one third of people who are left-handed, speech function may be located on the right side of the brain. The right hemisphere plays a large part in interpreting visual information and spatial processing. In general, the left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language and speech and is called the 'dominant' hemisphere. Understanding language (WernickeвЂ™s area).Interprets vision (color, light, movement).Interprets signals from vision, hearing, motor, sensory and memory.Sense of touch, pain, temperature (sensory strip).Intelligence, concentration, self awareness.Speech: speaking and writing (BrocaвЂ™s area).The cerebrum is divided into four lobes: frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal. There are very complex relationships between the lobes of the brain and between the right and left hemispheres.ДЇigure 3. ItвЂ™s important to understand that each lobe of the brain does not function alone. Each lobe may be divided, once again, into areas that serve very specific functions. Each hemisphere has 4 lobes: frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital (Fig.

The cerebral hemispheres have distinct fissures, which divide the brain into lobes. The two sides are connected by the nerve fibers corpus callosum. The cerebrum is divided into left and right hemispheres. The left hemisphere is dominant in hand use and language in about 92% of people.ДЇigure 2. The right hemisphere controls creativity, spatial ability, artistic, and musical skills. In general, the left hemisphere controls speech, comprehension, arithmetic, and writing. Not all functions of the hemispheres are shared. If a stroke occurs on the right side of the brain, your left arm or leg may be weak or paralyzed. Each hemisphere controls the opposite side of the body. 2) They are joined by a bundle of fibers called the corpus callosum that transmits messages from one side to the other.

The cerebrum is divided into two halves: the right and left hemispheres (Fig. It performs many automatic functions such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature, wake and sleep cycles, digestion, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing. Its function is to coordinate muscle movements, maintain posture, and balance.Д«rainstem: acts as a relay center connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord.

It performs higher functions like interpreting touch, vision and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine control of movement.Д¬erebellum: is located under the cerebrum. The brain has three main parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem.Д¬erebrum: is the largest part of the brain and is composed of right and left hemispheres. The brain is composed of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem (Fig. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is composed of spinal nerves that branch from the spinal cord and cranial nerves that branch from the brain. The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the brain and spinal cord. The brain controls our thoughts, memory and speech, movement of the arms and legs, and the function of many organs within our body. It assembles the messages in a way that has meaning for us, and can store that information in our memory. The brain receives information through our five senses: sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing - often many at one time. Protected within the skull, the brain is composed of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Intelligence, creativity, emotion, and memory are a few of the many things governed by the brain. The brain is an amazing three-pound organ that controls all functions of the body, interprets information from the outside world, and embodies the essence of the mind and soul.

Hippocampus anatomy cross section